John Bowlby s Theory Of Attachment - 1439 Words

This report will be about John Bowlby and his theory of attachment plus criticisms and how these come into effect in practice and legislation. Edward John Mostyn Bowlby was born February 27th 1907 and died September 2nd 1990. He was born in London to a middle class family. He was mostly taken care of by his nanny because his parents believed that spending too much time with him could lead to him becoming a spoilt child. At age 7 he was sent to boarding school by his parents. After finishing boarding school Bowlby went on to study psychology at Trinity College in Cambridge and worked with delinquent children. Once he graduated from Trinity he volunteered at a school and worked with two unstable children which inspired him to become a child psychiatrist. After this he went on to study medicine at University College Hospital then psychiatry at Maudsley Hospital. Bowlby also studied at the British Psychoanalytic Institute and was initially influenced by Melanie Klein but later became dissatisfied with her work. He became a psychoanalyst in 1937, after this he joined the army and served in World War 2(WW2) in the Royal Army Med ical Corps. Once WW2 was over Bowlby became the director of the Havistock Clinic and then in 1950 after one of his papers was published he become a mental health consultant for the World Health Organisation. Bowlby’s Theory of Attachment was based on the notion that the baby-mother attachment was different from any other relationship the child could have.Show MoreRelatedJohn Bowlby s Theory Of Attachment1423 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Bowlby’s theory of attachment asserts that an infant forms an attachment to the primary caregiver to ensure survival. Developmental psychologist Mary Ainsworth furthered this idea by devising attachment styles in infants. Ainsworth believed that the quality of care given by the mother or primary caregiver results in the infant developing a secure or insecure attachment. Ainsworth identified three attachment styles, namely; secure, avoidant and anxious/ambivalent attachments. As the word infersRead MoreJohn Bowlby s Theory Of Attachment1581 Words   |  7 Pagesoccur in the prenatal development, infancy and childhood, as new-borns develop into young adulthood capable of becoming a parent themselves. This assignment will discuss the development al stage of a chosen child scenario and apply to John Bowlby’s theory of attachment. It will also discuss the key safeguarding issues within the child scenario and how they could have been prohibited. Scenario The chosen child scenario for this assignment is Paul (see appendix). Paul is six years of age and is theRead MoreJohn Bowlby And Mary Ainsworth s Attachment Theories1196 Words   |  5 Pages John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth s attachment theories derive from the idea that in early development infants develop different attachment behaviors in relation to their caregivers. This emotional bond between an infant and their parents can have an enduring impact on future relationships throughout an individual s life. Research has shown that there does not have to be a biological component for an infant to bond with a parent. Instead the bond or attachment is related to â€Å"quality and quantity†Read MoreThe Attachment Theory Since The Time Of John Bolwby. Bowlby s Evolutionary Theory Of Attachment1979 Words   |  8 PagesThis essay sets out to discuss important developments of the attachment theory since the time of John Bolwby. Bowlby’s evolutionary theory of attachment su ggests that children come into the world biologically pre-programmed to form attachments with others, to help them survive. He believed that attachment behaviors are instinctive and are activated by any conditions that seem to threaten the achievement of proximity, so separation, insecurity and fear (McLeod, 2007). The first development to be discussedRead MorePersonal Reflection : John Bowlby s Attachment Theory1527 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal Reflection According to John Bowlby’s Attachment Theory, children come into the world â€Å"programed† to create attachments with others in order to help them survive. The attachment that is created during the infants first few days and week of life is extremely important. The attachment that is created early on in the life, can affect development through out ones life. During Anisworth’s research, she established several types of attachment styles. The securely attached child would be visiblyRead MoreThe Social And Emotional Development Essay1108 Words   |  5 PagesAttachment relationship is important for both child and parents/caregiver to develop because of social and emotional need. A child’s emotional and social development has significant impact for the social function of a child throughout their lives, education, friendships and employment. Research show that a child with no social and emotional development are at very high risk of having poor relationship s with peers, academic problems and can lead them into poor decision in life and crime. Many researchesRead MoreHow Does Attachment Influence The Social And Emotional Development Of The Child? Essay1378 Words   |  6 PagesHow does attachment influence the social and emotional development of the child? A child’s social and emotional development has significant implications for the social functioning of a child throughout their lives, in their education, friendships and employment. A child with poor or social and emotional development are at risk of experiencing poor relationships with peers, academic problems and can lead them into involvement in unsociable activities or crime. Research suggests the key to socialRead MoreThe Theory Of Development Concepts And Applications By William Crain1076 Words   |  5 Pagesso many beautiful observations.   Our text Theories of Development Concepts and Applications by William Crain  outlines human development by many theorists .   A few of those are  John Bowlby,  Mary D.S. Ainsworth,  and  Ã‚  Erik H. Erikson.   I couldn t help but reminisce about the stages of my own children’s  growth while reading the work of Bowlby, Ainsworth and Erikson.   I remember having my  young children with me when ever it was possible, but what attachments to them might I have  missed while I  was busyRead MoreRelation: Infant Mother Attachment and Eating Disorders1510 Words   |  7 Pagescorrelate the links between infant mother attachment and eating disorder behavior. Throughout this paper the two main theorists that are looked at are Mary S. Ainsworth and John Bowlby. Mary S. Ainsworth’s framework of attachment theory began in Uganda, while studying individual difference in infant behavior, which is known as the Strange Situation. John Bowlby coined the theory of infant mother attachment based on object relations psychoanalytical theory and the conceptualization that infants needRea d MoreThe Key Theories Of Attachment1646 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Bowlby, the backbone of attachment theories will be discussed throughout this essay to explain and evaluate the key theories of attachment. Health and well-being which is made up of four factors ‘physical, intellectual, emotional and social (Jones, 2016), will also be discussed within the essay. The definition of attachment is ‘an act of attaching or the state of being attached. (Dictionary, 1400) This will be showed in the assignment, using theorists to analyse the meaning. Sharing the

Essay on Snow Storm Baby - 1007 Words

Snow Storm Baby The year was 1992; a cold December arctic wind had brought a chance of snow to the area. It was the weekend and time to relax after a long hard week at work. The weather service had predicted several inches of snow to blanket the region by the next day. Not to worry: it was the weekend and traveling was not a necessity. At the time, my wife Jeanne was pregnant with our soon-to-be daughter Tahlyn. We had waited eight long months for her to arrive, and finally her due date was getting closer and closer. The excitement grew stronger as the days went by. By Friday afternoon it had begun to snow and quickly several inches had accumulated. As the snow was falling, clean up quickly began. The neighborhood soon†¦show more content†¦The Christmas season was just two weeks away, and I really didn’t mind the snow. I’ve always enjoyed a white Christmas because it sets the mood for the holiday season. By this time I was getting cold and tired from the never ending shoveling, so I decided man against the weather just wasn’t working. I would finish the clean up after it stopped snowing. So I headed back to the house to dry out and have some hot chocolate to take the chill off and settle in for the night. My wife, who was now nine months pregnant, began experiencing labor pains. We would surely be making a trip to the hospital in the middle of the night. That’s when my greatest fear set in. Like a child peering from a window, looking for old Saint Nick on Christmas Eve, I too found myself with my face pressed against the glass scouring the landscape in hopes it would all melt within the next ten minutes. But, in fact eight more inches of snow had fallen in that short period of time. What I had shoveled earlier was like nothing I would soon have to endure. I would have to move fast and get the job done if we were to make it to the hospital in time. After checking on my wife and making sure she was comfortable, I proceeded to the task of snow removal 101. The snow, now up to my knees, seemed to go on forever. Periodically, I would check on my wife. Her labor pains were getting closer together and time was running out. Finally, the snow had been cleared, and IShow MoreRelatedSilas Marner , Literary Analysis1174 Words   |  5 Pageshe acquiescenced to adopting and raising her. The baby was Godfrey and Mollys daughter, Molly was going to get revenge on Godfrey walking through a snow storm but died in the snow from drugs and alcohol and then froze to death. Eppie was in Mollys arms when she fell into the snow and she went to Silass village in front of the hearth. Silas found Eppie at his cottage and his first thought was his money had been returned but really it was a baby girl (Eliot, 93). When he went to Squirre Cass aboutRead MoreSymbolism Of Rain In Ernest Hemingways A Farewell To Arms1246 Words   |  5 PagesWorld War 1 . When Frederic Henry physically changes location, there is a shift in the book as well, in terms of the tone and mood, typically to one of increased frailty and brokenness. Additionally, weather, and the change thereof, in the form of rain, snow, clouds, and sun, take on the symbolic power of changing the tone and foreshadowing events. Rain in A Farewell to Arms has the denotations of either washing away the old, or flooding and destroying the existing, which gives it connotations of eitherRead MoreImportance Of Winterize Your Home862 Words   |  4 Pageswill look at it for you for a minimal fee. If you look at it yourself, you will want to check for loose shingles, missing shingles or cracks. If you have recently had hail, you may have actual dings and dents where gravel is missing. If you have had storm damage, you might want to turn in a claim to your insurance company. Check the flashing and make sure that it isn’t bent or rusted. You will also want to check any caulk ing and make sure it is still property affixed and not cracked so water can’tRead MoreYou Need A Stronger Intro. Como Que Is Too Direct. The1152 Words   |  5 Pagesdelivered the baby, but she was unsuccessful in keeping him alive. She was officially arrested in 2014, but her sentencing took place in January of 2017. The midwife, Vickie Sorensen, should be prosecuted because she refused to take the mother to the hospital, she was unprepared, and she was working without a medical license. The first reason is that Vickie Sorensen dispensed the idea of taking the mother to the hospital after she had been warned how risky the situation was. The baby was about 33Read MoreDescriptive Essay About My Perfect House1132 Words   |  5 Pagesbeautiful than I will ever be. She tells me I’m crazy, that I am already prettier than she is. I think she says that to make me feel better. We are in my extravagant room in our Mansion. The walls are covered in pink floral wallpaper. My bed is baby pink ruffles. Dolls I haven’t touched since my fifth birthday, claiming I was too old for them, litter the shelving above my bed. My room is huge, there is much more space than I would ever be able to fill up. I find it odd that we have such a bigRead MoreThe Flood Has Changed History Forever Essay1182 Words   |  5 Pagesstops, the whirlpool get frozen in place. When new deposits of sand and mud are added on top of these layers, the pressure forces the water out, turning the wet sand into stone. All of these landscapes show what happened after the flood. The earths snow melted by the change in atmosphere. How it happened was, volcanism  at mid-ocean ridges  injected  massive amounts of carbon dioxide into the oceans, which eventually makes its way to the surface. The further sea level dropped, therefore, the moreRead MorePolar Bear Evolution Is a Continuing Story Essay1748 Words   |  7 Pagesof the polar bear also resulted in curved, needle-sharp claws for clinging to ice and grabbing prey. In addition, they developed large, partially webbed paws to assist with swimming. On land, their enormous paws are useful for traveling across loose snow and the paws provide a bigger area to spread their weight across on thin ice. Another adaptation is the polar bear’s longer neck which is needed to keep their head above water when swimming (Polar Bear Evolution 1995). All of these characteristicsRead MorePrenatal Genetic Testing Raise Ethnic Issues1570 Words   |  7 PagesIn Improvements in Prenatal Genetic Testing Raise Ethnic Issues, R. J. Crayton produced an article about prenatal testing and whether or not parents should be allowed to have these tests done. First the situation of a high risk baby who will have a disability o r defect after birth, so the parents decide to abort the child is being viewed as an inequality to the disabled community. Secondly, certain adoptions are put on hold since the biological parents chose to not carry the unborn child throughRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm1142 Words   |  5 PagesOn September 14, 1812, French leader Napoleon Bonaparte entered the Russian capital of Moscow in an attempt to get a response from the leader of Russia, Czar Alexander I. Though, they were met with an empty city and no response from the Czar. â€Å"With snow flurries having already fallen, Napoleon led his army out of Moscow on October 19, realizing that it could not survive the winter there,† wrote Jesse Greenspan of History. Bonaparte realized that his army could not survive the winter; however, overRead MoreScience And The Two Men s Discovery1322 Words   |  6 PagesIn the following months, the group continued their journey making progress every day through wind a nd snow. On February 11, 1805, Sacagawea gave birth to a baby boy whom she names Jean Baptiste. April 29, 1805 Lewis and another hunter came across a large grizzly bear, killing it instantly because they were not aware of the animal’s capabilities. Turns out that the grizzly bear had not been described to science and the two men’s discovery changed science. As the warmer weather started to settle in

Aileen Wuornos Free Essays

This concept application paper is an analysis of social behavior and deviance of serial killers in Sociology Class. Aileen Wuornos killed a total of seven men along Florida highways between November 1989 and November 1990. Wuornos was one of the few female serial killers that was captured January 9, 1991, trialed and executed by the state of Florida in 2002 by the Lethal Injection. We will write a custom essay sample on Aileen Wuornos or any similar topic only for you Order Now Aileen Carol Wuornos, born February 29th, 1956 in Troy, Michigan, who was also known as American’s First Female Serial Killer. Google’s description of a serial killer is someone who murders at least three people in a short period of time. Wuornos was a prostitute where she resided in Florida where she was found guilty of murdering the 7 male victims. Wuornos defense was that each victim either tried to rape her or they actually raped her as she was making a living by prostituting. Wuornos killed each victim by shooting them at a point-blank range in order to kill people on a consistence basis, you  have to be very distinctive because not everybody has the morality to endure in a series of multiple murders. When associating Wuornos to deviance, her upbringing with her family and genetics played a major role in her deviant behavior. Wuornos childhood led her to grow up faster than a normal child would. Wuornos mother was young at the time of her birth. She never met her father, bout time she was born he was already in in prison in, in which her father was diagnosed with a social disorder called schizophrenia. Wuornos toddler years her mother abandoned her and her only sibling keith, her mother’s parents legally adopted them which eventually turned bad. Wuornos family including her mom, father and grandparents were all alcoholics. Alcohol and Substance abuse was apart of every crime Wuornos committed. Wuornos and each murder victim would have drinks together prior to the murders. Wuornos whole life consisted of abandonment an abuse by her family and friends. She was born to a teenage mother who was physically and verbally abusive to her mother prior to her birth, who was also absentee from her life. After the move with her grandparents, her grandfather became emotionally, sexually and physically abusive towards her and kicked her out the house at a very young age. The life experiences that Wuornos went through cause her to live a lifestyle that  was available to her at all times. Which caused her to become a criminal and survive by be being a prostitute because that is all she knew. The Social Control Theory predicts that Wuornos life experiences may have caused her to become a serial killer. Wuornos gave birth to a baby boy at the age of 14, after being impregnated by her grandfather in which she gave him up for adoption. She dropped out of school and her grandmother died due to liver failure from drinking alcoholic beverages throughout the years. Shortly after she was kicked out of the house at the age of 15 years old where she had to support herself and the only way she knew to survive was encountering in sexual deviance. Wuornos fell into a similar pattern of defiance that she inherited from her family. Self Control by itself can not be the main source of criminal behavior somewhere in between you must also have some type of Lack of Self Control. In order to realize the opportunity to commit a crime. Self Control Theory stated that Wuornos acted in self control and also lack of self control. Wuornos was a known prostitute for a long time and was said to have more than 100 partners and only managed to kill seven men, I would say she had some type of self control. The lack of self control comes along with the aggressive behavior that is said to be genetically that led her to murder the victims. Despite of Wuornos life experiences that could have influenced her self control, she was diagnosed with antisocial and borderline personality disorders at the time of each murders which led to a extreme mental and emotional disorder from her Alcoholic family, abandonment from her parents and abuse from her grandparents the jurors still believed that she was substantially aware of the crimes she committed and was found guilty and her diagnosis was not a major role during her conviction. Wuornos was convicted and sentence to death for six out of the seven murders she committed and was executed on October 9, 2002 by lethal injection. Latchison, September 21, 2018 References Golden, D.J (Writer). (2003) Biography: Aileen Wuornos [Motion Picture] Blanco, J. (2016). Aileen Wuronos| Murderpedia, the encyclopedia of murders. Murderpedia.org Twistedmids.creativescapism.com.(2016). Aileen Wuornos Childhood| Twisted Minds How to cite Aileen Wuornos, Papers

Law Services or Goods

Question: Discuss about the Law for Services or Goods. Answer: Introduction: Consideration can be said as exchanging something in for any monetary terms for any benefit or any services or goods. It can also be said as to do perform something for the other party or to do something in return. It can take any form that is money, goods, or any type of services, promise to do something. It can be a payment or a reward. It is a base or foundation of every contract. An example of consideration is She will give you ten pounds in consideration of the mangoes you are giving to her.(FindLaw, 2016) Consideration is considered to be the most important aspect for any contract. These considerations were to be made in the best possible manner so that it is relevant for both the respective parties. Without proper consent from both the parties, considerations is to be decided by the parties in the best possible manner. Enforceable agreement means in which the other party can legally compel the performance of the other party. Enforceable can also be termed as void .An agreement which is governed by the laws is known as contract. Contract can also be said as agreement + Enforceability. Jane is going overseas and she wishes to give Jack his Lotus Super 7 sports car to Jack. Jane has just casually offered her Lotus Super 7 sports car, so it should neither be considered as enforceable agreement nor consideration. Jane is not quoting any Price for her car.Jack doesnt have to give anything in return so there is no consideration that is Jack dosent has to give any monetary consideration to Jane. An agreement just means Offer plus acceptance but a contract means Agreement plus Enforceability.In this case there is just an agreement and not an Enforceable agreement.(Clarke, 2013) All contracts can be said as Agreements, but all the agreements are not called as Contracts. Consideration can be said as exchanging something in for any monetary terms for any benefit or any services or goods. It can also be said as to do perform something for the other party or to do something in return. It can be a payment or a reward. It is a base or foundation of every contract. An example of consideration is She will give you ten pounds in consideration of the mangoes you are giving to her. In this scenario as well, the contract will be conisdered as legal because it is enforceable by law. For this reason, it is to be said that once this enforceablity is termed with the court of law, it becomes legal. Enforceable agreement means in which the other party can legally compel the performance of the other party. Enforceable can also be termed as void .An agreement which is governed by the laws is known as contract. Contract can also be said as agreement + Enforceability. In this case Jack has accepted the offer of Jane to purchase her Lotus Super 7 at a price of $25,000. Even the market value is $25,000.(J, 2016) Jane offers to sell and Jack accepts, there is a consideration here as Jack accepts what Jane offers to sell. Jack has promised that is he accepts. It is an act or it can be said as a returned promise. An agreement can be said as a promise and it forms the consideration. It can be said as an addition of offer and acceptance .In this particular case there is an offer and there is an acceptance. But we cant call it an enforceable agreement as the agreement is not enforceable by Law.(Solicitors, 2016) Consideration can be said as exchanging something in for any monetary terms for any benefit or any services or goods. It can also be said as to do perform something for the other party or to do something in return. It can be a payment or a reward. It is a base or foundation of every contract. An example of consideration is She will give you ten pounds in consideration of the mangoes you are giving to her. Considerations has been one of the major aspects which are to be taken care of in the best possible manner as it would not be right on the both the parties to actually relate to the fact that an agreement is being enforced by law, without any considerations. Enforceable agreement means in which the other party can legally compel the performance of the other party. Enforceable can also be termed as void .An agreement which is governed by the laws is known as contract. Contract can also be said as agreement + Enforceability.(When is a Heads of Agreement legally enforceable?, 2016) In this case Jane offers to Sell Jack her Lotus Super 7 sports car for $25000.The market value for this type of vehicle is said to be $25000 and Jack accepts. Jane offers to sell and Jack accepts, there is a consideration here as Jack accepts what Jane offers to sell. Jack has promised that is he accepts. It is an act or it can be said as a returned promise. Jane, being in need of cash, had decided to sell its car with the help of which she will be able meet all her fiancial needs. For this reason the car was being sold at a price which was way reasonable than its actual market valuation. The car was bing sold at a price of $2,500, in order to make sure that all her fianncial needs are accepted. For this reason it can be said that the agreement between these two parties and hence, it can be cosidered as a a contract. An agreement can be said as a promise and it forms the consideration. It can be said as an addition of offer and acceptance .In this particular case there is an offer and there is an acceptance. But we cant call it an enforceable agreement as the agreement is not enforceable by Law.(Aitchison, 2016) A shipbuilder has agreed for a contract to build a tanker for the North Ocean Tankers. The Contract was in US dollars and the contract was not having any clause of currency fluctuations. The construction was halfway completed and then unfortunately the United States devalued its currency by 10 percent. The shipbuilder would make a loss on the contract as the currency has devalued, so to cover the loss its has demanded an extra $3 million or e would stop working further on the project. The buyer on the other hand agreed to pay as he did not have any other option as he already had a charter for the tanker and it was very necessary for the buyer to deliver the things on time. The buyer did not start any action or anything to recover the excess payment he has given to the seller until some nine months after the delivery.(Grace, 2016) This shipbuilding aspect was one of the most celebrated tasks in United States. The whole payment was being done in US. While constructing the ship, there was a evaluation in the currency of the country by almost 10 percent. Because of this, the manufacturing aspect of the company had to bear certain amount of losses, as the price of the deal was decided at a pre-determined rate. Contract is said to be an arrangement between two persons or two parties or more than two parties which is enforceable by law and is binded by an agreement. Different countries have different law agreements. Different types of clauses are there in the contract that is the price clause, the exchange rate price adjustment clause, the payment clause, the barter clause, the delivery clause, the arbitration clause, the penalty clause and others. The buyer will be getting the excess recovery as because of existence of contract between the two parties which has no clause of any currency fluctuation. This is completely a breach of contract which means the party has misunderstood the obligations or they cant perform or they no longer are willing to perform. In this case the seller has misunderstood the contract and has done act which was not included in the contract Contracts are subjected to currency risks and it involve different currencies ,be it be any currency the parties have agreed on to. The date of conclusion of the contract may or may not be the payment date which could lead to the final price being fixed at a later date .The currency market is very volatile in nature which leads to the designated currency falling or rising. The buyer would only not be legally suit the case if any currency fluctuation clause would have been mentioned. Statues of limitations are passed by the legislative bodies. When the period of time passes the party or the person cannot file any claim or suit against the person. It varies from country to country.(Clarke, 2013) The limitation Act of 1958 allows 12 years for child survivors and the people with any disability to make a claim, with age 37 the latest at which a claim can b filled or made. The General Limitation period in Western Australia is three years. The buyer is filling a suit within 9 months. So the buyer does not have any limitations in respect to this. So the conclusion is the buyer can sue the seller in respect to the above case. References When is a Heads of Agreement legally enforceable? (2016). Retrieved August 8th, 2016, from legalvision.com.au: https://legalvision.com.au/heads-agreement-legally-enforceable/ Aitchison, S. (2016). When is a done deal not done?: a legally enforceable contract. Retrieved August 8th, 2016, from Mondaq.com: https://www.mondaq.com/australia/x/291480/Contract+Law/When+is+a+done+deal+not+done+a+legally+enforceable+contract Clarke, J. (2013). Australian Contract Law. Retrieved August 8th, 2016, from Australiancontractlaw.com. FindLaw. (2016). Is a verbal agreement legally binding. Retrieved August 8th, 2016, from Findlaw.com.au: https://www.findlaw.com.au/articles/5626/is-a-verbal-agreement-legally-binding.aspx Grace, F. E. (2016). Northern Territory of Australia Construction Contracts (Security of Payments) Act. Retrieved August 8th, 2016, from feg: https://feg.com.au/ J, G. (2016). Principles of Australian Contract Law. Australia: Lexis Nexis. Solicitors, S. (2016). The Principles of Contract. Contract, 13. When is a done deal not done?: a legally enforceable contract. (n.d.). Mondaq. Retrieved August 8th, 2016, from Mondaq.com: https://www.mondaq.com/australia/x/291480/Contract+Law/When+is+a+done+deal+not+done+a+legally+enforceable+contract

Othello And Racism Essay Research Paper Although free essay sample

Othello And Racism Essay, Research Paper Although there are tonss of things to propose this is a racialist drama I don # 8217 ; t believe that racism really dominates the drama, even though it has a racialist subject. There is a romantic brotherhood between black and white which gets destroyed because most people think the relationship is incorrect. At the clip the drama was written, 1604, even the Queen of England was racist so at that place must hold been a strong hatred of inkinesss around that clip. Most racist remarks in the drama are said by people that are angry or disquieted. For illustration, when Emilia found out that Othello had killed Desdemona she was highly huffy and she called Othello a Blacker Satan , this was the lone clip in the drama that she had said anything racialist about Othello. The chief characters that have racist attitudes are Iago, Brabantio, Roderigo and Emilia, with the hate of Othello as the footing for their racialist actions and remarks towards him. We will write a custom essay sample on Othello And Racism Essay Research Paper Although or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Iago is the most racist character in the book as he has it in for Othello right from the start. What flickers off Iago # 8217 ; s hatred towards him is the fact that when Othello chose his lieutenant, it was Cassio who was chosen alternatively of Iago. What made Iago angry was the fact that Cassio had no experience in war when he did and Cassio was chosen alternatively of him. Iago does non state anything racialist to Othello # 8217 ; s face but he has a batch to state against him behind his dorsum. He schemes to destruct Othello and anything in his manner including Cassio and Desdemona. The first clip we hear one of his racialist remarks is when he # 8217 ; s speaking to Brabantio about Othello and Desdemona, Even now, really now, an old black random-access memory is tupping your white Ewe . Iago says this to seek and turn Brabantio against Othello. Iago utilizations racialist remarks all the manner through the drama, as he tries to turn people against Othello, for illustration naming him a Barbary Horse . He neer says anything racialist to Othello # 8217 ; s face because in his secret plan he had to be his best friend, so as non to do him leery that Iago was doing all the problem for him. Iago is covetous of Othello for many grounds, one being that Othello has higher ranking in the ground forces than him, and besides he has a good matrimony with Desdemona which Iago does non hold himself with Emilia. These are the chief causes of his hate for Othello and the ground he adopts such a racialist attitude. Roderigo is another 1 of the racialist characters in the drama, being so right from the start. He is Iago # 8217 ; s confederate and will make anything that Iago wants him to. I think he does this because of the manner Iago can writhe a state of affairs to do it sound as if Roderigo would acquire something good from it but in the terminal he doesn # 8217 ; t. One of the racialist names he calls Othello behind his dorsum is Thick-lips . He hates Othello because he # 8217 ; s covetous of him as he besides loves Desdemona but can non hold her. I don # 8217 ; t believe he views Othello in a really bad, racist manner but uses the racism against Othello because he # 8217 ; s covetous of him. Neither Roderigo or Iago would state anything racialist to Othello # 8217 ; s face as he is the general of the ground forces. Brabantio is besides a racialist character, and is enraged when he finds out that his girl, Desdemona, has been seeing the Moor behind his dorsum. Brabantio is so huffy he sends out his guards to catch Othello and put him in prison. Brabantio views Othello as a foul and dirty no good black, I think this racialist position of his is because he # 8217 ; s angry when he finds out that his girl has been seeing this Moor . Unlike Iago and Roderigo, Brabantio will openly do racialist remarks about Othello to his face such as, lewd Moor , Wheeling alien . Brabantio can make this because he is the Senator of Venice and is higher in rank than Othello. The other character who is racist towards Othello is Emilia, the lady in waiting to Desdemona. Emilia is disgusted with Othello when she finds out that Othello had killed Desdemona this is the clip she gets a opportunity to show her feelings about Othello, O, the more angel she, and you the blacker Satan! Although this is the lone clip she says what she thinks of him, I think that she was racist towards Othello all through the drama and did non approve of his relationship with Desdemona but merely could non demo it because she would acquire in problem with her Godhead . Because Shakespeare wrote a drama about a black and white brotherhood, which was later destroyed, I think it shows that he # 8217 ; s non racist. I think he feels that the brotherhood between the two is right, but the relationship would neer last in a racialist community at that clip. He portrayed the brotherhood between Othello and Desdemona as a good thing, and the people who destroyed it, chiefly Iago and Roderigo as immorality. This shows one time once more that he approves of a black and white relationship and therefore was non racist himself. Once before Shakespeare wrote a sonnet about his kept woman which says, for illustration, If snow be white, why so her chest be dun He writes about his kept woman being black when other poets of that clip wrote about how their kept womans were white. The other poets were the racialist 1s, they girlfriends were ever white and perfect, Shakespeare wrote about how his kept womans is black and non really beautiful. Although the drama has a strong racist subject against inkinesss I don # 8217 ; t think that the drama is racist. 32c

Production system Essays

Production system Essays Production system Essay Production system Essay The production system is viewed as a combination of the materials supply, production planning, scheduling, control and material transformation functions. Together, these functions must respond to demands set either directly by customer orders (in a make to order situation), or to production orders generated by an inventory control function (in a make to stock scenario) Production/Factory responsiveness Production factory responsiveness can be defined in a number of ways: A responsive factory is a factory which is agile. Agility is defined as quick moving, nimble and active. Agility is the ability to thrive and prosper in a competitive environment of continuous and unanticipated change, to respond quickly to rapidly changing markets driven by customer-based valuing of products and services. Responsiveness is the ability of a production system to respond to disturbances (originating inside or outside the manufacturing organisation) which impact upon production goals. Typical disturbances might include, for example, the receipt of rush orders, machine breakdowns or degradations or variations in raw material supply. The disturbances may be internal or external and importantly their effect may be either positive or negative. Range of Production Environments and Responses Agility and Response Agility is described as the ability of a company to operate profitably in a competitive environment of continually, and unpredictably, changing customer opportunities. Four key imperatives have been associated with agile companies: a) Enrich the customer, b) Master change and uncertainty, c) Leverage resources and d) Co-operate to compete. Responsiveness helps in fulfilling the need for agility for mastering change and uncertainty. However, agility is also concerned with making full use of the influence a company has over the sources of change and uncertainty, to pro-actively remove them or drive them to support the organisations goals. An agile company pro-actively influences the various environments in which it operates by means of many different activities, including marketing, co-operative alliances, new product and process development. In contrast, responsiveness is about taking actions in response to actual or potential changes which the system either cannot control or has not planned. The link between agility and responsiveness is outlined as follows: From this diagram we can say that effective response is a critical attribute, and represents the reactive capabilities of an agile organization. Another important parameter to be considered over here is system flexibility. System Flexibility has received much attention as a manufacturing research topic in the last decade or so. It is the ability of a production system to change the mix, volume and timing of its outputs. Total system flexibility is a complicated function of many system attributes, including machine and subsystem flexibilities. While system flexibility constitutes a possible means for responding to disturbances (both internal e.g. machine breakdowns and external e.g. demand variation, rush-orders) it is not synonymous with responsiveness, since the system must also be able to judiciously use its flexibility in response to disturbances i.e. decide when to flex its outputs and by how much. Parameters to measure factory responsiveness We feel that factory responsiveness cannot be determined by a single variable. In fact, In order to improve factory responsiveness, first it is necessary to find those variables which would help us to measure quantify factory responsiveness. This will also help us to fix suitable benchmarks. Also, ignoring the factory, will only lead to increased inventory, longer cycle times, and higher costs as product variety increases. There are a number of compelling reasons why the factory should be the starting point in the journey toward demand driven manufacturing. First, converting to lean manufacturing in the factories will help ensure that ERP software is not merely automating an otherwise bad process. Secondly, the factory is often the starting point for companies intending to make broader supply chain improvements. When a company sees significant results from the lean manufacturing transformation, they can often convince suppliers to do the same, providing help and experience. Once the factory is lean, upstream supply chain improvements help ensure that supply disruptions do not hamper the lean factory.

Short Story Fiction paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Short Story Fiction paper - Essay Example â€Å"The Necklace† relates Mathilde’s attitude towards life and her struggle to face the consequences of her actions. The character of Madame Loisel, and its appeal to the reader, undergoes dramatic change as the story progresses. The reader is scornful of the shallow protagonist who makes her appearance at the start of the story. As the narration progresses, Madame Loisel undergoes a transformation and the reader empathizes with Madame Loisel and her struggle. â€Å"The Necklace,† is a poignant tale of human folly. It is also a tale of transformation and human redemption. Madame Loisel is a dissatisfied woman whose social pretension leads to disaster, but she redeems herself to emerge as a woman of genuine character and strength. At the beginning of the narrative, Mathilde Loisel is a dissatisfied housewife. She is constantly aware of â€Å"The contrast between her charm, her innate good taste, her beauty on the one hand, and the mediocrity of her life as the wife of a government employee, on the other† (Donaldson-Evans, 167). She feels that she is destined for better things and bitterly resents her position. Madame Loisel foolishly disdains what she has and hankers after what might have been. She spends hours dreaming of â€Å"every delicacy and every luxury† (Maupassant, 3) which her modest means cannot afford. She contrasts every aspect of her present life with the luxury that could have been hers under more fortunate circumstances: her poor furniture with exotic tapestries and glowing lamps, her humble maid with grand footmen and her simple meals with rich feasts eaten on silver platters. Madame Loisel is obsessed with the tantalizing dreams of wealth. She does not appreciate the fact that Loisel loves her and that her â€Å"hapless husband is forever bending over backward to please† her (Donaldson-Evans, 168). Loisel gets tickets to the party with great difficulty and is â€Å"disconsolate† with his wifeâ €™s tears over the lack of an appropriate dress. He sacrifices his own dreams of buying a hunting piece in order to furnish her with a new dress. Although she is married to a man who cherishes her in every way possible, she remains wrapped up in her dissatisfaction:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"And she wept all day long, from chagrin, from regret, from despair, and from distress† (Maupassant, 6). Her days are filled with sorrow. She does not derive any pleasure from life. She rejects the reality of her existence to imagine another filled with the trappings of a superior social position. Madame Loisel’s yearning for social recognition and wealth leads to her downfall. The ruling passion of her life is â€Å"to please, to be envied, to be seductive and sought after† (Maupassant, 5). She is so obsessed with the outer trappings of social position (jewelry and dresses) that â€Å"she loved nothing else; she felt herself made for that only (Maupassant, 5). When her husband secures t ickets to the prestigious party, she does not appreciate his concern but throws the invitation at his face. Although she is aware that their straitened financial circumstances do not warrant the purchase of a new dress, she rails against Loisel and â€Å"her indignation leads to irritability and depression† (Donaldson-Evans, 167). Once this hurdle is overcome, she desires jewelry. Rejecting the alternative of fresh flowers, she borrows the necklace from her friend. She is so enraptured with the jewelry that â€Å"

Paper on Display Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Paper on Display - Essay Example From the center, a cloth runs from top to bottom vertically covering almost three-quarters of the black background. The cloth has a mixture of colors and artistic display resembling the feathers of an ostrich.From three-quarter of the height there is a yellow strip running from one side to the other horizontally forming the letter â€Å"X†. The yellow strip is labelled with the words caution and it also runs across the bottom. The yellow strip line is significant as it arouses the curiosity of the onlooker, to have the urge of finding what is happening at that section. On the vertical section, a number of pictures are displayed showing a woman probably â€Å"Madonna† wearing almost similar clothes with the sample cloth shown. At the center, there is a smaller bedroom drawer placed with some of it compartments slightly opened. Hanging from inside the drawer are probably white net-like bras. At the top of the drawer, there is a glass frame that covers a white paper inside with details of the sample items displayed. To the left of the screen there are two black boxes of different sizes the smaller one on top of the bigger one. Two pictures of woman â€Å"black and white† are attached at the sides of the larger box. On top of the larger box a tablet leans on the smaller box in an upright manner. On the tablet display a woman â€Å"Madonna† is seen singing. On top of the lower box a pair of high heeled boots-like ladies shoes are placed on a white cardboard. To the right hand corner of the display, there is a â€Å"lady puppet† position in a half-sitting-standing position. The â€Å"puppet† is dressed with a long black net sleeved blouse. The white net-skirt also barely reaches the knees. On the hands of the â€Å"puppet† there is a silver like bracelet to complement the outfit. On the neck there are various shiny necklaces. However, there is one long necklace with a diamond like structure at its end. There is also a black belt that is tied around the

Individual case analysis-globalisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Individual case analysis-globalisation - Essay Example But still, administrative mismanagement and oppression by different company results in political anomalies. The Flow of foreign money in the country’s economy results in making it the tenth largest economy in the world in terms of the nominal GDP and third largest by purchasing power parity. There is a definite regulatory framework for the foreign investors with a consolidated FDI policy. Still there is an absence of strict intellectual property rights that’s need to be addressed by the foreign investors as well as the Indian Government to promote further FDI development. Singh, L. 2010. LEGAL ISSUES ON FOREIGN INVESTMENTS IN INDIA. [Online]. Available at: http://www.lawyersclubindia.com/articles/LEGAL-ISSUES-ON-FOREIGN-INVESTMENTS-IN-INDIA-2697.asp#.UxhQ3z-SyX9. [Accessed on March 06, 2014]. 12 India, a country once referred to as a place where restriction on business is everything has now undergone several changes. This is due to the number policy initiatives that were taken to boost the country’s economy. The liberalization and globalization of foreign direct investment in India commenced during the year 1991 and the easing of restrictions on foreign companies interested in doing business in this country have acted as a catalyst to promote the country’s attractiveness. India’s liberalization process in the early 1990s has acted as a strong motivational force for the Indian firms to expand their business in other markets as well as foreign firms to do their business in India. According to Mr. P. Chidambaram, the then finance minister of India, â€Å"FDI worked wonders in China and can do so in India† (Indian Express, November 11, 2005). Government’s consolidated FDI policy and their rule changes related to foreign investment issues has c hanged the country’s economic structure. Inflow of foreign money in the country resulted in growth of country’s

The Role Of Tourism In Our Modern World

The Role Of Tourism In Our Modern World Tourism may be further defined as the movement of people away from their normal place of residence (J. Christopher Halloway, 1998) This definition describes tourism as an action to see something new or different from daily life. The tourism industry is constantly growing and the economics of some countries are mainly based on it. Tourism can be seen in association with a lot of different factors like visitors attractions and hospitality. This essay will deal with the multi-disciplinary nature of tourism as well as the Travel and Transport and especially on the railways industry. Furthermore will it focus on the history and the current practice in the railway industry. Tourism is multi-disciplinary. One of its natures are Visitors attractions. J. Christophe Holloway and Neil Taylor described Visitor Attractions as followed. So we must accept that no clear definition exists for the term. It is easiest just to accept that any site that appeals to people sufficiently to encourage them to travel there in order to visit it should be judged a `visitor attraction`. (J. Christopher Holloway and Neil Taylor,2006) They can be categorized by factors like being built with a touristic purpose or being built with no touristic background. Examples of attractions which had during their construction no touristic purpose are The Eiffel Tower in the Paris and the Little Mermaid Statue in Copenhagen. These attractions attract in our modern world millions of tourist to Paris or Copenhagen. These examples are the best proves that attractions can be build without a touristic hidden thought. The tourists visiting a attraction need an accommodation in case they are not day-tripper. The accommodation sector can be divided in the non-profit and the profit sector. The non-profit includes the visiting friends and relatives, which are still very important for tourism even though they are not spending any money on accommodation as tourists will still spend money throughout their stay in the area of interest. This category also includes hostels which do not try to make a profit. The second sector has to make a profit to survive. This sectors comprises BB, hotels and campings. Transportation is also part of the tourism because it brings the tourists to attractions and accommodation. The most common transportation method is nowadays the plane. Other ways which are to consider are the coach or the train. The train was over the last decades suffering with falling numbers of passengers but seems now to be on the right track. Water-borne transport can be seen as a form of transportation which includes ferries or as a place of relaxation also on ocean liners which is getting more and more popular in the recent years. Travel trading changed in the last few years. Travel agencies are used to be the place where every tourist has to book his holiday. In our modern society, a lot of people are using the internet for bookings. They leave the local travel agent out and book their holiday directly by the tour operator or by the coach company online. The travel agents reacted by creating online platforms as Expedia.co.uk which are in direct competition to tour operators. Every holiday booking saves the workplace of several employees working in the travel industry. The money spend, has also an effect on the local economy as an the travel destination. An example, which illustrates this, is a holiday booked over the internet in the UK. One the hand, the tour operator or the online travel agency benefits in their UK head office. On the other hand, the local population at the destination profits from it. This example shows that people all over are making profit from holiday or a travel booked. The historic development of the travel and transport sector is quite impressive. It all started when people from Egyptian were travelling to visit other cities, their culture and architecture. Unfortunately was the end of the Roman Empire at the same time the end of travel in his earliest form. People had to wait till the 16th century before starting travelling again(?). People at that time had tree possibilities to travel. One of them was walking, which was dedicated to poor people. The second one was riding a horse which was for richer people. Last but not least, carrier wagons or a litter were the other possibilities to travel. In the 19th century was a big change for the travel and transport industry as it resulted in a revolution for this industry. In the early part of the century, the invention of the railway had a great impact on travelling. The time of travel was reduced massively and people were able to travel in less than 10 days from London to Edinburgh(Quote). The first r ailway segment was opened in the UK in 1825 between Stockton and Darlington, from then on a lot of different train routes were opened in the upcoming years all over the world. The last great line was opened 1903 in Russia between Moscow and Vladivostok. The number of passenger was growing. The railway was much more comfortable and faster than the ordinary travel by road or on canal. Their success was created in a short period of time because of its reliability and was soon the most important method of transport. Thomas Cook was involved in the success of the train due to his usage of the railway as a way to bring tourists to their holiday destinations. Later, in the early 19th century the private railway companies were not able to handle the enormous costs. Most of the companies were in serious financial trouble. The only solution to save these companies was the involvement of the governments. Most of the countries in Western Europe were so dependent from their national railways com panies that they were not able to afford the bankruptcies of these companies. The trouble for the railways companies was not over after their nationalization. The development of new transport possibilities after the Second World War like the plane brought the railway industry in new trouble. In the 1960ties more and more people were using coaches and their private car to go on holiday. The railway industry had no appropriated answer to these new ways of travel and followed their same old strategy. Nowadays, the railway industry changed a lot . At the end of the 20th century most of the railways services all over Europe were denationalized. The private owners made them more competitive. The denationalization was indeed good for the industry but mainly for the customer because prices get more competitive. Todays marketing concepts like party trains from London to the French Alps and discounts for people over 55 are used to attract people and to persuade them to travel with trains. A major trend can be seen all over the world to use high speed trains like the TGV and the ICE in Europe and the Shinkasen in Japan. The railway industry is catching up with new features to make the journey more comfortable for their passengers. In todays world passengers are able to obtain WIFI connections and audio entertainment services. These features are currently spreading in different forms of transport but are not available on all routes when it comes to for exapmle WIFI connection in trains. Nevertheless will WIFI be the norm in a few years time as well as video screens in the backseat with possibilities to game or to watch videos during your travel. The railway stations are not only placse of leaving and arriving trains but they are getting more and more places which have shops in it. (Mintal ,2008) One of the examples to illustrate this statement can be found in Scotland more preciously in Aberdeen. The shopping Centre gives the possibility to go from the centre itself to the railway station. Another example is the Hauptbahnhof in Berlin where you can find all sort of shops. The railway industry is getting more and more innovative to attract and to persuade more people to see trains as an alternative to coaches, planes or cars. Another trend, which is getting more and more popular, is the nostalgia of the trains. Alone in the UK there are several old trains running regularly as the Scotsman. The travel time varies from only a few hours to several days like The Ghan in Australia which is travelling between Melbourne and Sydney. These trains are normally extremely luxurious and are targeting old people. There are three major trends in the future. One trend is to have high-speed trains which have a lot of multimedia features. Another future ambition is to operate trains on historical routes with all desirable luxury amenities. Currently the most recent trend is to convert normal railway stations to a sort of shopping centres. The travel industry changed over the last years. They changed with new possibilities as the world wide web. The travel industry is in a permanent change to be up-to-date and to come up with new ideas. The railway industry, which suffered over the last four decades due to mismanagement and falling passenger numbers, also changed. Their denationalization had a positive effect on the whole industry which can be seen every day. As it was already mentioned earlier on, the industry is getting more innovative to catch up their arrears to other industries like the airline industry and the coach industry.

Wideman Vs. Limerick Essay example -- essays research papers

John Edgar Wideman’s â€Å"Our Time†, and Patricia Nelson Limerick’s â€Å"Empire of Innocence†, are two very different stories about one particular theme. In these selections both authors are writing history. Wideman is writing the history of his brother’s life, and Limerick is writing the history of the old west. Although the theme is the same, the two authors’ styles, methods, and writing concerns differ greatly.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the following passage from â€Å"Our Time†, John is visiting his brother, Robby, in prison. While listening to Robby’s story, John begins to question the type of book this project will become: The business of making a book together was new for both of us. Difficult. Awkward. Another book could be constructed about a writer who goes to a prison to interview his bother but comes away with his own story†¦.the inevitible conflict between his role as detached observer and his responsibility as a brother would be at the center of such a book. When I stopped hearing Robby and listened to myself listening, that kind of book shouldered its way into my consciousness. I didn’t like that feeling. That book compromised the intimacy I wanted to achieve with my brother. (Wideman p. 723) This passage stresses the concern Wideman expresses on how to make this book the type of book he wants to present. Later in the selection the answer to this problem appears.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Still listening to Robby’s story, John discovers their recollections of th...

THE USE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN EDUCATION

As you may or may non cognize, an Information System is a aggregation of hardware, package, informations, people, and processs that work together to bring forth quality information and instruction is the procedure of geting cognition. How do people get this cognition you may be believing? Well, they learn from other people such as pedagogues, employers and workers. There are many signifiers of stuffs that are used in instruction. The traditional stuffs would be the text books and manuals used for acquisition tools, but in todays times it ‘s a different narrative. Educators are now turning to computing machines to help them with larning. This new manner of acquisition is going highly popular and is realy distributing fast. Not merely can you utilize information systems inside the schoolroom to attach to face to confront larning but it can besides be used for distance acquisition. Learning has no boundries when it comes to IS. The Internet allows pupil to hold to entree to an eternal sum of information for research intents.Students of all ages can utilize on-line activities that relate to their capable affair and keyboarding accomplishments are being developed at really early ages. In order to succed and derive more cognition about our information-rich society, pupils must be able to utilize this engineering efficaciously, both in an educational scene and beyond. The instructors of today are confronting many challenges and alterations, it is going an progressively more hard occupation because of the immense sums of outlooks. By utilizing engineering in learning it can really assist with many outlooks faced by the pedagogues of today. IS alterations from twelvemonth to twelvemonth therefore it is of import for a instructor to take portion in professional development in engineering. Professional development ensures that engineering is used eficiently and efficaciously in order to make new chances for larning and to advance pupil accomplishment. In a manner, Information Systems have become the anchor of modern instruction. It allows schools to hive away valuable pupil information and assists the disposal section with the direction of the full school. When an IS tool is good to larning, it benefits learning. If an IS tool is good to learning, it in bend benefits disposal and the learning pupils and so on. It is a collaborative attempt which affects all facets of instruction. Teachers can show many IS tools to pupils in order to assistance in the acquisition procedure. Examples of these acquisition tools would be E-learning, Web TC, online categories, construct maps and distance acquisition are all classified as signifiers of instructional engineering. Distance acquisition has many benefits, these include leting pupils to go to categories when the state of affairs does non allow them to go to the on-campus talk, it gives the pupils flexibleness to work on assignments when their agenda permits them to and in bend this releases a pupil from go toing a category where a set twenty-four hours and clip is scheduled. Students besides have the priviledge to make synergistic teamwork between groups every bit good as have the chance to cormmunicate with people from different backgrounds, civilizations from all around the universe. Having IS capablenesss in the schoolroom allows pupils to hold mention stuffs at their fingertips. The web is non merely a beginning for communicating but can besides supply mention for an tremendous figure of subjects. Today ‘s web non merely consists of Web sites where information on assorted subjects can be found but it contains pictures where the ocular scholar can analyze subjects in a manner that they process information. This resource provides pedagogues with prosecuting digital resources to be more effectual in the schoolroom and in bend addition pupil involvement by linking the schoolroom to an abundant sum of information from around the universe. When utilizing such resources, the instructor is now a facilitator in larning the capable stuff and non person who is talking the stuffs like in the yesteryear. The bulk of the determinations made within educational establishments are made from analysing informations this information is collected by the usage of IS engineering. Examples of IS engineering would be an on-line trials ( such as Exam View or Quiz Star ) where pupils take trials online and recieve their consequences about immediatly. This on-line tool so shops the trial and the memo to the trial, but will besides hive away the pupils replies. A study can be instantly generated after the trial has been completed. The information from the studies will instantly be available for instructors so they can be shown where the pupils are fighting. A common illustration of the usage of this engineering in the schoolroom are pupils utilizing computing machines for research undertakings, computing machine package and presentations. Assorted applications are taught to pupils on a day-to-day footing. Due to the fact that today ‘s pupils learn in many different ways, instructors need to calculate out variou effectual methods for them to acquire that information. The regulations of the past bash non use to the pupils of today. Alternatively of the pupils necessitating to accommodate to suit the cast of what the instructor expects, the instructor needs to accommodate the manner they deliver that information to the pupils. IS helps better instruction in the schoolroom due to the fact that it gives the instructor the chance to educate the pupils many different ways. It requires pupils to believe outside the box and acquire a better apprehension of the information that is being presented to them. Students besides have a opportunity to research thoughts on manus and do their acquisition more meaningful and relevant. In the yesteryear, instruction was one dimensional. However, due to engineering altering the ambiance in the schoolroom, instruction is now teacher directed, but pupils can go farther engaged with helping the instructors lesson with the provided engineering at a chink of a button. Teachers besides have to set up a ground for utilizing IS in the schoolroom and have to do the instruction successful for their pupils. In order for learning to be effectual instructors need to let flexibleness in the lessons prepared on a day-to-day footing. In the society of today, information systems are altering quickly twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours. There are many different manners of engineering that can be use to hike acquisition for pupils. These manners of engineering can run from Power Point presentations to mobile laptops with Internet entree for each pupil. With engineering like this in the schoolroom the pupils get a much better quality of larning. Nowdays information systems are going easier and easier to utilize and this makes it more convenient for pupils who wants to make research and happen solutions to there jobs. Students gain cognition through computing machines where engineering is used basically as a coach and serves to increase the pupils basic accomplishments and cognition and where engineering is used as a tool that can be applied to a assortment of ends in the acquisition procedure which can function as a resource to assist develop higher order thought, creativeness and research accomplishments. Communication is highly of import if you want the right message to be delivered. There are many different ways to pass on. Using the right method for its bringing is merely every bit of import. In the past instructors and pupils would do presentations in category and would utilize flip-charts, overhead projectors, or blackboards as their primary medium. Now, we have electronic whiteboards that record what the instructor writes, so pupils can entree the animated or narrated information on a computing machine for alteration after the presentation. Power Point presentations can besides be used, in which we can incorporate text, picture, sound, artworks, links to other paperss, or links to the Internet. This widespread application allows both pupils and instructors to pass on in a truly multimedia format. Social networking sites, electronic mail ( e-mail ) , and web logs ( web logs ) are three more agencies of easing communicating among pupils. Collaboration is now simpler than of all time due to the usage of online tools and package that allows pupils and pedagogues to work together on undertakings. Wikis, web seminars, and video conference calls are a few ways that pupils and instructors can come together and portion information with other pupils and co-workers. Communication can besides be done via the Web. Students can link to the cyberspace by utilizing either Dial-up entree, radio webs, DSL ( Digital Subscriber Line ) , satellite modems or overseas telegram modems. Many schools of today have Web sites that connect users to school calendars, upcoming featuring events, contact information for the school and pedagogues, library resources and a batch more. If IS did non be this would wholly be impossible to make. This method of communicating allows schools relay information to parents and pupils in a timely mode. Lots of schools have incorporated a type of IS that allows parents and defenders to hold entree to their kid ‘s consequences and attending record. In a nut shell parents sign up for their ain user name and watchword and so they have sole entree to this type of information. Via this IS tool, schools can hold 24/7 communicating with parents to inform them of their kid ‘s advancement in each category. When pupils graduate and enter into the on the job universe, they must be equipped with the necessary accomplishments to vie in an international market. An illustration of a accomplishment would being able to video conference which removes the boundaries of a traditional schoolroom. The pupils are able to derive valuable cognition that is outside of the text edition by speaking to pupils in that state. From the pedagogues ‘ point of view, computing machine applications allow for them to take a traditional schoolroom and turn it into a practical schoolroom. In the schoolroom, the assorted types of engineering deliver different signifiers of content and serve many different intents. Examples of this would be word processing and e-mailing which promote communicating accomplishments, database and spreadsheet plans which promote organisational accomplishments, every bit good as patterning package which encourages the apprehension of mathematic every bit good as scientific constructs. Educators and pupils likewise are both looking for better ways to present and larn information. Most educational plans use a computer-based preparation attack. Schools are rapidly accommodating to thse preparation plans and it in bend aids pupils in larning. The benefits that information systems give to the educational procedure are endless.

Three Easy Steps on how to Avoid Being a Phony Catcher in the Rye essays

Three Easy Steps on how to Avoid Being a Phony Catcher in the Rye essays Everybody at one point in life has someone that he looks up to. Whether they want to Be like Mike or want to be like their favorite actor, every child needs someone to be a role model. Unfortunately, many of todays idols are people who are admired simply because they can run faster, jump higher, or shoot straighter than normal people. Most people will never be able to be as physically adept as these professional athletes. However, an excellent role model is readily available for all people who are literate. Holden Caufield from The Catcher in the Rye demonstrates many qualities that people should strive for. First, Holden is someone who lets people know what he is really thinking. He does not hide what he is thinking about people even if he knows that they would not want to know the truth. When this happens, people often feel irate for knowing what another really thinks of them. Holdens transparency can be seen when he talks with Stradlater and accuses him of sleeping with a girl that Holden has feelings for. Although in the book, Stradlater got angry at Holden, he should be happy. It is always better to know where one stands, than to have a misconception on what that person really thinks. If more people indicated their true feelings, fewer people would have psychological disorders from pent up emotions. Second, Holden Caufield is someone who is brutally honest. It was once said the truth shall set you free. If this is true, then Holden is one of the freest people ever. Holden is a guy who will speak his mind no matter what, even if it is something the person he was talking to did not want to hear. This can be seen by the way he talks about phonies. A phony is someone who is a complete fake and insincere. Holden has the lowest regard for these people, even though he has admitted to being one at different points. That takes a lot of courage to be that honest. When h...

The Connection Between Mind and Body

The Connection Between Mind and Body Free Online Research Papers Mind/Body What is the Connection Since the dawn of man, it has been puzzling as to why we have thoughts in our mind and how our body functions. What is the connection between the mind and body? This has dumbfounded man and this has been a problem in philosophy and psychology. Experts from all fields and different aspects of life are becoming progressively more aware of the concept of Consciousness. Our oldest beliefs in the nature of physical reality, our health, and the workings of the mind are being challenged by the day and we are realizing that something needs to change. There is something very important in this concept that we need to understand and apply to our daily lives. What is the realm of mind and consciousness? Once it was thought that the mind is a product of the brain; that our own self-awareness is some accident of evolution. This is no longer the issue. The suggestion that our awareness, our consciousness, is not the product of our brain is hastily becoming popular. So, if our mind is not the product of our brain, then there is something much more complex and much more important going on in every moment of our existence. Our consciousness is being acknowledged by our brain, which changes a great many things. The concept of death needs to be re-evaluated, so if your consciousness is not dependent on your body then it possibly will exist long after your body dies, or even before it was born. The concept of individualism needs to be evaluated, if your mind is not in your skull then there is no reason it cant be shared by others. The realm of the mind and consciousness relates to how the mind functions with the body through physical movement. Descartes believed that the mind was derived from animal spirits and it was through heat in the blood that would move the muscles in the body. Descartes also thought that there were spirits in the muscles themselves. The movement of the muscles would occur from an action from the animal spirits, but he wasn’t quite sure as to what would establish which muscles would move. Descartes had two thoughts on this. The first was that the mind would say which muscle would move and the animal spirits would activate the nerves controlling those muscles; thus the mind can actually influence the body. His second thought was that what he called reflexes. This is when the muscle would automatically move in the reaction of specific sensory. There have been many different theories throughout history as to why our body can move and what exactly is controlling that. Some believed it was lighting storms in our body that would shock the muscles and that would create the movement. There has been much testing as to how the mind and body are connected. Before this idea came about, the brain use to thought a useless organ. Dualism is an ancient notion that was profoundly rooted in Greek notion; however, long before that, the ancient scriptures taught that mankind was made in God’s image and that Adam needed the spirit breathed into him before becoming a living soul. Almost 2000 years after Plato and Aristotle reasoned that the human mind or soul could not be identified with the physical body, Rene Descartes reinforced this concept and gave it a name, dualism. The word â€Å"Cartesius† is simply the Latin form of the name Descartes. Consequently, Cartesian dualism is simply Descartes concept of dualism. Descartes’ famous saying exemplifies the dualism concept. He said, â€Å"Cogito ergo sum,† â€Å"I reflect therefore I am.† Descartes held that the immaterial mind and the material body are two completely different types of substances and that they interact with each other. He reasoned that the body could be divided up by removing a leg or arm, but the mind or soul were indivisible. They existed somewhere around man. This concept is difficult to accept for those with a secular humanist, materialist, and evolutionist worldview because accepting it is accepting supernaturalism. Many people that believe that there is an independent mind that is capable of transcending physical functions of the body through the central nervous system. Although studies are still being conducted, the brains of Tibetan and Buddhist Monks are of particular interest because of the numerous hours spent in deep meditation. After studying g Tum-mo (a yoga technique used by Tibetan Monks), for 20 years, Herbert Benson developed the relaxation response, which he describes as a physiological state opposed to stress. It is characterized by decreases in metabolism, breathing rate, heart rate, and blood pressure (Cromie, 2002). On top of this study, Bensons researchers discovered that Monks that practiced other forms of meditation could lower their metabolism by 64 percent (Cromie, 2002). Research Papers on The Connection Between Mind and BodyThe Spring and AutumnMind TravelThree Concepts of PsychodynamicMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductGenetic EngineeringComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoThe Hockey GameAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfThe Masque of the Red Death Room meanings

Week-5 Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week-5 - Case Study Example In Islamic religion, it is easy to exploit this form of sympathy among the faithful and turn them into extremists who fight other countries primarily for religious disparity, not oppression2. The first attribute of sacred terrorism is that the act is sacramental. The brutal acts against nonbelievers are allowed by the religion despite the religion denouncing violence. Therefore, the terrorist acting on religious imperatives are not bound by moral constrains. The final characteristic is that the perpetrators of these acts view themselves as outsiders seeking the overhaul of a bad system. This is contrary to secular terrorists that regard themselves as a system that need overhaul3. The above characteristics are linked to Jewish groups, Christian white supremacist groups, and cults. The group alienates themselves from the system they seek to destroy based on religious imperatives. Additionally, they view their actions as sacred despite leading to enormous destruction and bloodshed. Characteristics that exist among the Islamic terrorist are replicated in the three groups mentioned

Pubic health pharmacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Pubic health pharmacy - Essay Example Each ethnicity has different barriers that they must overcome to help them prevent, manage, or cure a certain health issue. During the behavioral diagnosis, each student was responsible for interviewing two African Americans and understanding their view of health problems. Diabetes and high cholesterol were the other two major health concerns among the African American society along with hypertension. Many of the people that were interviewed had one of these diseases themselves or someone in their immediate family were suffering from these diseases. The disease according to the interviewers was more common for people that were busy with uptight schedules. From our perspectives and understanding many of the interviewers didn’t seem to take their health as significantly as they should be. From such observations, we concluded perhaps they are not as aware of the risks and prognosis of such a potent disease. The SPSS data helped us confirm the major health concerns among the Afric an-American population. Hypertension was the highest risk among the society with 35% followed by high cholesterol with approximately 20% and diabetes with 17%. The percentage is equal to the amount of people that were aware of their health conditions in each of the different disease states. Arthritis, Anemia and liver disease were not as common in the population as much as the other three stated above. Based on our interpretation of these data and our behavioral diagnosis we concluded hypertension as the most common risk among African-Americans. In the environmental diagnosis each one of the group members focused on a specific part of New York City that had a majority of African-Americans. To make it city wide we chose throughout the different boroughs. Comparing our results together we found a few things in common. All the areas had relatively many fast foods and a very few healthy food stores such as

Labor Market Effects of Immigrants in UAE Essay

Labor Market Effects of Immigrants in UAE - Essay Example This essay declares that statistical figures and theoretical statements are used in establishing the relationship between immigrants and labor market in the United Arab Emirates. A personal account of the positive and negative impacts of immigrants in the nation’s labor market is provided. This pape makes a conclusion that immigration, which entails moving into a new country with the sole purpose of setting up permanent residence, affects the economy. For illustration purpose, the movement of Europeans from Britain, Italy and Spain into America was the largest form of immigration in human history. Despite having citizenship in their native countries, European settlers moved into America with the sole purpose of establishing permanent residence in the new nation. Presently, immigration still occurs. Middle East nations like the United Arab Emirates receive thousands of immigrants annually from India, Pakistan and Bangladesh among other countries. Some of these immigrants have legal status, which means they have been cleared to enter and reside in the UAE awaiting citizenship. However, others are illegal immigrants entering the nation without receiving clearance from relevant authorities. Of all the Middle East nations, the United Arab Emirates receives the largest numbe r of immigrants. Based on UN statistics, 43% of immigrants in the Middle East reside in the UAE, while the remaining percentage is evenly distributed among nations like Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain and Saudi Arabia.

Significance of John Brown and Harpers Ferry Essay Example for Free

Significance of John Brown and Harpers Ferry Essay Since the Battle of Fort Sumpter, three months later, the first major battle during the civil war began on July 21, 1861 which was called The First Battle of Bull Run in Manassas. During this major battle, General Irvin McDowell commanded the large Union army while General Pierre G.T. Beauregard commanded the Confederate army. The Union perceived that they would make a quick and swift victory with very little loss, but it was the opposite. At the time both sides had inexperienced soldiers. When this war was happening the hundred of Manassas citizens left their homes to watch the battle unfold. Cannons and muskets would be fired all over and some misfires would end up at the civilians homes. At the start the Union was able a push the Confederates back to Henry Hill, but they would have their comeback. Beauregard make a strong defensive line controlled by General Thomas J. Jackson. Jackson held his ground successfully and gained the name Stonewall Jackson. The Confederates were able to capture Union artillery and chose to counterattack the Union soldiers. But it quickly lashed back at them when Union forces on the hill came down and broke the Confederates line of defense, forcing his complete retreat of the Bull Run. Thus this was a victory for the Union. The result of the battle left bodys riddled in the battlefield. Thousands of wasted soldiers died in that battle and was the largest and bloodiest battle during the Civil War. Other than scaring the scaring the citizens who were watching the entire battle the government was also shocked at the outcomes of this battle. Both sides came to the belief that this Civil War was going to become longer and more deadly as it goes on. From looking back at the battle one can see that it was not going to end quickly or any time soon. It became clear that it would last longer than people thought and that there was going to be more struggle. It also brought to people a clear image of what war was like. Thought the Union gained heavy losses, soldiers all across the Union gained moral for this victory and that they won. This war has also brought to the Generals attention that most of their soldiers are inexperienced and need to be trained and prepared for future battles. Politicians in the North were outraged by the high losses resulting from the battle, which gained in favor for the south and gave them hope that the Confederate army could defeat the Union.

Casino And Gaming Management Tourism Essay

Casino And Gaming Management Tourism Essay In the report, we will introduce a brief history casinos in Victoria Australia, and then, the current state of casino gaming and internal description of casinos will be shown. The advantage and disadvantage of casinos will be discussed in the surrounding community. There is no double that gambling is one of the most popular games in the world. Generally speaking, casino can be found in anywhere in the world. Therefore casino is not only an entertainment place for people but also relevant to the hospitality industry and it is as well as a significant aspect contained by the national finance and economics. Consequently this article will be focus on a casino which is it is in Melbourne and introduce their history, the impacts on casino, the internal description of casino and the advantages and disadvantages of the casino. After that, people will know more about the casino (Crown) in Melbourne. The first legal casino which is wrest point hotel casino locates in Tasmania Australia in 1973, and then government allowed to set up Darwin casino in northern territory in 1979. Focus on 1980s, gold coast, Queensland and Adelaide also opened their first casino at that time. In addition, in 1990s, there are much more casinos opened than before such as Casino in Canberra; star city casino in Sydney and reef hotel casino in cairns Queensland. From 1994 to 1997, Melbourne also was running the first casino Crown casino. In these years, there are 13 casinos in each state and territory of Australia which are running their business, maintain their legislation and policy. These casinos are not only operating in gambling places, but also in hotels, accommodations and entertainment place. Therefore Australia has great economic benefit and employment by these casinos. Current state of casino gaming: Crown casino and entertainment complex is located in Melbourne of the Yarra River, and attracting on average 16 million tourists every year, so it is absolutely one of the largest casinos in Australia. Thus Crown casino is a paradise for gambling, because they are only provide kinds of table gaming such as blackjack, Texas Holdem, craps, baccarat, roulette, Caribbean Stud poker and so on, but also has more than 2,500 slot machines and 350 gaming tables alarming. According to Herald Sun reports, gamblers would lose 100.002 Australian dollars in table game and slot machine each hour. Meanwhile Crown hotel provide many non-gaming services, such as hotel, restaurant, cinema, theatre shows and shopping. Consequently this hotel becomes a centre of entertainment of Melbourne. Casino managers have estimated that one-third of the money from overseas visitors and they have lost 60 million. Consequently the Victoria government as much as 3.13 billion tax from casino and help the government budg et has a surplus. The pokie tax increases 1.7 percent each year for six years beginning this year, resulting in a total tax increase of 10.3 percent by 2015. The full tax will be 32.57 percent at that time. The change will bring more than a$60 million to the government over the next four years and add more than 300 jobs at Crown. (Global Gaming Business, 2009) However, Crown casino like any other casinos, they dont allow people go into the casino if they under 18 and office signs this note in every entrance. Customers should be identified by entry point staff at all entrance 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. In addition, Crown casino set up a Responsible Gaming Support Centre (RGSC), which is responsible to be tasked with implementing Crowns responsible service of gambling initiatives and providing a focal point for interacting with customers who may need support. Future capital works projects: Crown Melbourne spends $300 million to build a new hotel on the casino site in 2010. The new hotel will provide 658 rooms and accommodate 340 000 guests every year; 50 exhibition booths, 7 state of the art conference-meeting rooms and an 800-seat Plenary Hall. Crown casino will also upgrade the facilities including live entertainment, restaurants, lighting and color schemes. Therefore the new project will create significant economic benefit for Crown and Melbourne. Casino industry description of Australia: Since 1973, casino has become an important part in Australians life. Therefore in order to attract the visitors to game in their place, besides the existing 13 casinos, the expenditure of casinos grew rapidly from $78.5 million to $2.8 billion which has increase 34.9 percent. So casino industry activates the economic and the travel image of the country. Since 1998-2006, casinos gaming expenditure has stabilized at around $3 billion. They offer more and more thrilling game in the entertainment. In addition, they offer provide many non-gaming activities and facilities such as hotel rooms, restaurant, bars, banquet facilities and theatres. Therefore there are 7.8 billion customers who come from all over the world visited casino in Australia. Consequently this brings a perfect profit for casinos and government. In 2002 to 2008, the revenues increased $3.1 billion to 4.0 billion and the average revenues growth rate of 5.2 percent every year. In a research, there are about $1271 million dollar which has 40 per cent revenue come from table gaming and about $572 million dollar which has 18 per cent come from international VIP customers. Moreover, casinos also create about 19,737 jobs in Australia, and Crown casino is the largest single site employers in Victoria The Commonwealth and local governments won $1.2 billion total taxes from casinos in 2007 to 2008. Particularly, casinos not only need to pay general taxes collected by the different levels of local government on all businesses, casinos usually pay amount of special gambling taxes as well. There are different types of general taxes, which including Goods and Services Tax (GST), firm tax and payroll tax paid by casinos for usual operations. In current situation, Casinos leading the most highly taxed compare with other gaming providers in Australia. Casino paid thirty percent of all income for their taxes to the government in a single year of 2007 to 2008. Few industries can afford to pay so much tax as casino except the industries of tobacco, alcohol and luxury cars. Leading to the casino to pay such high taxes is because the casinos are required to pay a lot of taxation (gambling taxes, license fees and community levies) besides the general taxes by all other industries. Casino Contribution There are plenty of international evidence indicate that casinos contribution to national economic activity is mainly dependent on the casino led to the development of tourism. However, effective research shows that tourism and hotel sector has not been much affected by non-casino facets. The following research report is about the details found in Australian. 1. More than one million overseas tourists visits to Australian casinos and bring a number of 2.4 million consumptions in 2007 to 2008. 2. Overseas tourists who visited Australian casinos bring $4.9 billion total spent with an average of $4940 per tourist, during visits to Australia. This average consume value is in the extreme higher than overseas tourists who did not visited casino during the visit with the average consume value of $2630 per tourist. The total number of gambling consumption by overseas VIP program players is $553 million in the year of 2007 to 2008. It is estimated that casinos has spent a further $65 million to attract VIP program players, these players who are estimated to cost $121 million in Australia on non-casino consumption. 1. It is estimated that export to overseas VIP program players improved gross domestic product (GDP) by $84 million and private consumption by $225 million in year of 2007 to 2008. 2. To keep export of overseas VIP program players at the year of 2007 to 2008 level is prospective to improve Australias private expenditure by $1.8 billion over a decade. Casino employment There are 19 939 people working in Casinos in year of 2007 to 2008. It is making a significant contribution to employment in Australia. Two leading employment casinos are located in Victoria (Crown Melbourne) and WA (Burswood Entertainment Complex) respectively, which employ the largest proportion of employees. Licensed gaming staff is one of most important category in casino operation. There are closely 60 percentage of staff are employed in casino on a full time basis, about 15 percentage employed on a part time basis, and 25 percentage on a casual basis. Disadvantage of Casino industry: Problem Gambling From the Australia Productivity Commissions Inquiry into Australias Gambling Industries in 1999, it is indicating that the following points: 1. About 2.1 percentages of the Australian adults or among 293,000 people have a significant gambling problem. 2. On average around seven other people are affected by a serious problem gamblers behavior. It is around two million Australians. Problem Gambling is clearly a major public health issue in Australia. It is become a problem if someone spends more time or money than they can afford to, or if it is have a negative impact on their relationship. That is why just the minority country legislate the gambling is legal. Crime Rate With the growing of the casino industry, crime becomes another major negative impact. Casino is a place which can make a person bankruptcy in a short time; it may change a person in one night. So, the rate of crime may increase because of these factors. Also, the government adopt a lot, such as increase the number of police on duty at night, but the crime problem still have not work out in a perfect way. Conclusion: In conclusion, this report generally description the casino in Australia with several parts which includes the history of casino gambling, current state of casino, Impact on casino, industry of casino, and the advantages and disadvantages of casino as well. In order to more powerful support of our arguments, this article adopts the resources from Internet, chart and database. Moreover, with the development science and technology, improve the management has become more important to casino to create more entertainment facilities to meet the needs of the people, to stimulate the economy development. However, the industry is also a potential risks (social problems, crime). In order to prevent negative, the government should pay more attention on casino management and restrictions to seek better ways to adjust entertainment and gain enormous profit.

Reversing Stroke and Spinal Cord Damage :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Reversing Stroke and Spinal Cord Damage Scientists are on the brink of doing the unthinkable-replenishing the brains of people who have suffered strokes or head injuries to make them whole again. If that is not astonishing enough, they think they may be able to reverse paralysis. The door is at last open to lifting the terrifying sentence these disorders still decree-loss of physical function, cognitive skills, memory, and personality. Until recently there was virtually nothing doctors could do for the 500,000 Americans who have strokes each year, the 500,000 to 750,000 who experience severe head injury, or the 10,000 people who are paralyzed after spinal cord damage (3). However, that is about to change. Researchers now think it may be possible to replace destroyed brain cells with new ones to give victims of stroke and brain injury a chance to relearn how to control their body, form new thinking processes, and regain emotions. After demolishing the long-standing myth that brain cells cannot regenerate or proliferate, scientists are developing ways to stimulate cells to do just that. Although stroke, head injury, and paralysis are three of the most devastating things that can happen to anyone, scientists have recently learned that the damage they cause is not preordained. It takes place over minutes, hours, and days, giving them a precious opportunity to develop treatments to halt much of the damage. Most of the n ew remedies are not yet available, but an explosion of research in the last five to ten years has convinced scientists that some of them will work (8). Guided by fabulous results in preventing permanent damage from stroke and other injuries to the central nervous system in rats and other animals, researchers around the world have launched scores of trials in humans (12). However, many promising new therapies are sitting on the shelf because of a lack of money and other resources necessary to conduct large, lengthy, and expensive studies to conclusively show that a new drug or treatment really works in people. The requirement for safety and efficacy can be frustrating, especially for badly needed treatments that are very promising, but such caution is necessary. One organization is trying to raise funds for a major study to test a pill for paralysis-4 amino pyridine (4 AP) -which has shown promising results in preliminary human trials (14). About half of the small number of people in the study, who had been paralyzed for four to fifteen years, regained some sensation and muscle function when they were given intravenous infusions of 4 AP. Reversing Stroke and Spinal Cord Damage :: Biology Essays Research Papers Reversing Stroke and Spinal Cord Damage Scientists are on the brink of doing the unthinkable-replenishing the brains of people who have suffered strokes or head injuries to make them whole again. If that is not astonishing enough, they think they may be able to reverse paralysis. The door is at last open to lifting the terrifying sentence these disorders still decree-loss of physical function, cognitive skills, memory, and personality. Until recently there was virtually nothing doctors could do for the 500,000 Americans who have strokes each year, the 500,000 to 750,000 who experience severe head injury, or the 10,000 people who are paralyzed after spinal cord damage (3). However, that is about to change. Researchers now think it may be possible to replace destroyed brain cells with new ones to give victims of stroke and brain injury a chance to relearn how to control their body, form new thinking processes, and regain emotions. After demolishing the long-standing myth that brain cells cannot regenerate or proliferate, scientists are developing ways to stimulate cells to do just that. Although stroke, head injury, and paralysis are three of the most devastating things that can happen to anyone, scientists have recently learned that the damage they cause is not preordained. It takes place over minutes, hours, and days, giving them a precious opportunity to develop treatments to halt much of the damage. Most of the n ew remedies are not yet available, but an explosion of research in the last five to ten years has convinced scientists that some of them will work (8). Guided by fabulous results in preventing permanent damage from stroke and other injuries to the central nervous system in rats and other animals, researchers around the world have launched scores of trials in humans (12). However, many promising new therapies are sitting on the shelf because of a lack of money and other resources necessary to conduct large, lengthy, and expensive studies to conclusively show that a new drug or treatment really works in people. The requirement for safety and efficacy can be frustrating, especially for badly needed treatments that are very promising, but such caution is necessary. One organization is trying to raise funds for a major study to test a pill for paralysis-4 amino pyridine (4 AP) -which has shown promising results in preliminary human trials (14). About half of the small number of people in the study, who had been paralyzed for four to fifteen years, regained some sensation and muscle function when they were given intravenous infusions of 4 AP.